Piracy In The 21st Century :: essays research papers fc

Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary defines piracy as, an act of robbery on the high seas or an act resembling such robbery (885). From this we trick define software piracy as an act of robbery on the information superhighway. Many people do not see it as such. make up though the average person would neer consider going into a convenience store and stealing a stick of gum, many have no qualms about stealing thousands of dollars worth of software. In a study done by the Canadian Alliance Against software system Theft, 43 percent of adult Canadians who were asked supposition that pirating software for personal use was OK. This feeling has come about in several ways. Older computer users, with Unix backgrounds, remember many of the applications they used as freeware. Software pirating also results from users having access to freely downloadable applications, evaluation copies, and public betas. This leads users to believe that all software is free. While many downloadable appli cations carry expiration dates, many companies rely on nag messages rather then a disabling mechanism. These messages are easily ignored and allow the user to continue use of the product (Stevenson 18).Despite these factors international software piracy rates are on the decline. However, the number of illegal applications installed continues to grow, according to the Business Software Alliance (BSA) and the Software and Information Industry connector (SIIA). In 1998, 38 percent of applications in use globally were pirated, down from 49 percent in 1994. Yet, 231 million business software applications installed were pirated, 2.5 million much than in 1997. This led to an eleven billion dollar loss in revenue by software companies (Paquet). Jason Penchoff, a BSA spokesperson, states, Software piracy affects company productiveness and jobs. For every free package or unlicensed package of software, companies are losing money. If an automaker lost 38 percent of its revenue, there would be a Brobdingnagian outcry (qtd. in).So how are users obtaining all this illegal software? Consumers now have the ability to purchase goods from their computer. Generally when we pretend of electronic commerce, we mostly think of business to consumer transactions. But one of the most rapidly growing developments in electronic commerce is the consumer-to-consumer market. The rapid growth of Internet auction sites has created shopping opportunities for online consumers that were never before available. According to SIIAs Piracy on Internet Auction Sites, consumer-to-consumer online auction revenue will climb from $4 billion in 1999 to to a greater extent than $15 billion in 2004 (3).

Earworm :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Earworm The Song That Wont Leave Your HeadI woke up and I was mortified. It was the first thing in my mind when I opened my eyes and I just could not believe this silly little thing had become as involuntary as breathing. I tried another song, but it would come back without me realizing it. I walked to work and it came with me, I sat in class and it spoke louder that my professors voice, I up to now took a nap and it kept me awake. I had a stupid song stuck in my head and it wouldnt go away. What is it that happens in the brain that causes this annoyance to go on for days? And why does it remain in the head even when its driving us so crazy that we want to scream in pain? tally to research done by Professor James Kellaris at the University of Cincinnati, (1) getting songs stuck in our heads happens to most if not all of us. His theory shows that certain songs create a sort of cognitive itch - the mental equivalent of an itchy back. So, the only way to scratch a cognitive itch is to rehearse the responsible tune mentally. The do may start involuntarily, as the brain detects an incongruity or something exceptional in the musical stimulus. The ensuing mental repeat may exacerbate the itch, such(prenominal) that the mental rehearsal becomes largely involuntary, and the individual feels trapped in a cycle from which they seem unable to escape.But why does this happen? Apparently, repetition, musical simplicity and incongruity are partly responsible for the annoyance. (2) A repeated phrase, motif or sequence might be suggestive of the very act of repetition itself, such that the brain echoes the pattern automatically as the musical information is processed. Still, simpler songs appear more likely to make your brain itch, - like Barnnys I chicane you, you love me tune - but at the same time a song that does something unexpected can cause the brain to latch on because of whatsoever unconscious cognitive incident occurred at that very moment. These traits of simpl icity, repetition and circular composition1 are potent because we dont remember songs as one complete image, like a picture, but as temporal sequences that unfold in our brains. (3) In other words, we dont see an entire song in our head instead, one image (or course in a song) triggers the subsequent one.

The Scaffold Scenes in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter Essay -- Scarlet

Hester Prynne passed through this portion of her ordeal, and came to a sort of scaffold (51), Hawthorne tells in the opening seen of the novel, The Scarlet Letter. The scaffold is a luff for punishment. This scaffold constituted a portion of a penal machine, which now, for two or three generations past, has been merely historical and traditionary among us, but was held, in the old time, to be as effectual an agent in the promotion of good citizenship, as ever was the guillotine, Hawthorne states in explaining the scaffolds use. The scaffold had wooden stairs leading on to it. The steps of the scaffold became the walk of death for many people before they were beheaded. A balcony or open gallery stood over the platform and was attached to the meetinghouse. During Hesters punishment, the ministers and regulator sat in the gallery in order to question her. The scaffold was located at the western extremity of the market place, near the church. The scaffold was a raised platform made of w ood and iron. Men and women who sinned would be forced on the scaffold, either for beheading or, in Hesters case, extreme embarrassment. The scaffold appears in the book three times, during three major scenes. The scenes are placed equally apart in the book, one at the beginning, in the middle and in the last(a) scene at the end. The first scaffold scene encompasses Hesters punishment and open confession. While the third scaffold scene includes Dimmesdales confession. In the second or middle scaffold scene, both Hester and Dimmesdale are on the scaffold in the middle of the night. The scaffold is introduced in the novel for its literal uses, but the scaffold comes to constitute and embody many other meanings. The scaffold is a symbol of the... ... for his sin. Both in the novel and in everyday use, the scaffold has a certain intension to it. For instance, a person told that they were going to be scaffolded would most belike be fearful. However, as used scaffolding could simply mean that they were going to be propped up. Likewise, in The Scarlet Letter all Puritans fear chastisement on the scaffold. In the novel, the scaffold is never used for public speaking or a theatrical performance, but only for the confession of sin. Most Puritans did not realize that the scaffold could have many positive uses. Likewise, to be scaffolded, by definition, is just as likely to be a good action as a bad one. Unfortunately, most historical documentation about the scaffold relates to of executions and punishments. Thus, the word scaffold usher out do many beneficial things for mankind, yet carries a very negative aura.

Beauty Revisited :: Japan Culture Greece Essays

When a man has gone deep enough in the lore of love and turned his attention to things of yellowish pink in their due order,... on that point shall dawn upon his eyes a vision of surpassing beauty, for whose sake he endured all his former toils a beauty which, in the first place, is eternal, with go forth beginning and without end, unbegotten and without declension and secondly, is not beautiful at one time or one place or from one point of view and then ugly, as if its beauty depended upon the beholders. Nor again will that beauty to his eyes take on the likeness of a face or hands or any fleshy part, nor of talk or learning, nor will it have its being in any other creature but will have its simple and congenital being constantly one within itself. ... -platoSo when any one climbs the ladder of true love in this world till he catch a glance of that other beauty, he has almost attained that goal. And this is the true discipline of loving or being loved that a man begin with th e beauties of this world and role them as stepping stones for an unceasing journey to that other beauty, going from one to two and from two to all, and from beautiful creatures to beautiful lives, and from beautiful lives to beautiful truths, and from beautiful truths attaining finally to zero point less than the true knowledge of Beauty itself, and so at last what Beauty is. -Plato What is art? Who cares of beauty? What really goes on when I make art. wherefore do I loveart? Do I feel the essence of this journey which Plato speaks of? Beauty, yes, that is the focus of my life,... beauty. It sounds fantastic, but it may be true. by expression at Platonic and Japanese ideals of aesthetic beauty, I will show that art is all about a feeling, a communion with that simple and essential being, ever one within itself. It is an ongoing dialogue with the mystery of sentient, hard to discern emotions. Im wary to say that my artistic endeavors are aimed towards beauty, maybe skill, luc k, or ingenuity. This test is more about the glue which bind one artistic experience to another, an irrational and ever-present push towards the unmade. Platos basic philosophy centers around the Allegory of the Cave, which, distilled, points out that for man to think that he may know the whole truth, end all and be all in itself, is for him to declare the largess of his own ego.

Capital Punishment Essay: Christian Opposition -- Argumentative Persua

Christian Opposition to Capital Punishment The matter of the expiration penalty is one which we, as Christians, should address at this time since victims continue to be killed by the state. We should give the religious teaching concerning it, in order to attention those who are making efforts to clarify their thoughts about this very complex and difficult question. Such is the subject of this paper. There are two sources from which we draw information regarding the rehearse of capital punishment (1) sacred scripture and (2) the teaching of churches and synagogues through the ages. With them as a basis, we can make a theological analysis of our present daylight circumstances and draw what we believe to be sound conclusions. From Sacred Scriptures The book of Genesis addresses the same problem and conflict we face today. It is the tension between the unattackable sacredness of hu serviceman life on the one hand, and mans responsibility for safeguarding the well-being of the comm unity. The biblical authors regarded life as the gift of the life-giving God himself So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him male and female he created them. (Gen. 123) Then the churchman formed man from the remains of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life and man became a living being. (Gen. 27) For one soulfulness to deprive another of that gift is an offend to the cleric himself. There are many scriptural references that make the point that the murderer must be punished. Nevertheless, biblical tradition is also replete with reminders that vengeance belongs to the Lord and that he enjoins the qualities of compassion and forgiveness on those believers in the biblical revelation of God. (Amo... ...roclaim the value of any pitying life and the dignity of every human person and thus call into question the imposition of the death penalty. We recognize that our proclamation is also a call to others for 1. A further commitm ent by every person of good will to greater protection of society 2. The affirmation of the God-given value of life 3. The satisfaction of human need for the alleviation of every human want. 4. The promotion of justice in society, and peace among men. It is our belief as Christians that the imposition of the death penalty in todays society is an attack upon the inviolability of human life and an affront to human dignity. Our opposition to the death penalty is also an affirmation of the sacredness of all human life and an appeal to all for greater individual and societal efforts for a more humane and just society.

Capital Punishment Essay: Christian Opposition -- Argumentative Persua

Christian Opposition to Capital Punishment The matter of the death penalty is one which we, as Christians, should address at this time since victims outride to be killed by the state. We should give the religious teaching concerning it, in order to assist those who are making efforts to clarify their thoughts about this very complex and laborious question. Such is the subject of this paper. There are two sources from which we draw information regarding the practice of capital punishment (1) sacred scripture and (2) the teaching of churches and synagogues through the ages. With them as a basis, we can make a theological analysis of our present day circumstances and draw what we believe to be sound conclusions. From Sacred Scriptures The prevail of Genesis addresses the same problem and conflict we face today. It is the tension between the inviolable sacredness of human life on the one hand, and mans responsibility for safeguarding the well-being of the community. The scriptural a uthors regarded life as the gift of the life-giving God himself So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him manlike and female he created them. (Gen. 123) Then the Lord formed man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life and man became a supporting being. (Gen. 27) For one person to deprive another of that gift is an affront to the creator himself. There are many scriptural references that make the point that the murderer must be punished. Nevertheless, biblical tradition is also replete with reminders that vengeance belongs to the Lord and that he enjoins the qualities of compassion and forgiveness on those believers in the biblical divine revelation of God. (Amo... ...roclaim the value of every human life and the dignity of every human person and thus c every(prenominal) into question the pain of the death penalty. We recognize that our announcement is also a call to others for 1. A further commitment by every person of good will to greater protection of society 2. The program line of the God-given value of life 3. The satisfaction of human need for the alleviation of every human want. 4. The promotion of justice in society, and peace among men. It is our belief as Christians that the imposition of the death penalty in todays society is an attack upon the inviolability of human life and an affront to human dignity. Our opposition to the death penalty is also an affirmation of the sacredness of all human life and an appeal to all for greater individual and societal efforts for a more humane and just society.

Gwen Harwood Essay

Poetry creatively captures humane experience, emotion and nature. Gwen Harwood employs a range of literary and poetic techniques such as imagery, spectral allusions and personification to demonstrate the universality of concepts such as privation, death, holding and childhood. Through this, Harwoods poetry to creates clear and strong perceptions of the continuity of experience and provide permanency to these transient elements of humanity.In Triste, Triste, Harwood explores the core themes of post coital sadness and the contradictory nature of the physical and spiritual realms that are created by the human tree trunk. These aspects all mend to the human experience and growth of superstarself. That is, the physicality of the skeleton, or frame, and the intellectual and creative importance of the mental capacity as a muscle. The meaning of the word Triste is sad and lamentable hence the repetition of this word in the title is indicative of Harwoods reflection on the loss of inspiration. In the first stanza, a yearning and patent need for ongoing physical passion in the continuous blank shell between love and sleep presents the notion of sleep and its ironically nurturing qualities for the mind and the consistence despite the idleness of the body during this age of restoration.The phrase further more(prenominal) provokes the reader to reflect on such moments in their own life, and to reflect on space with renewed significance and how important it is for the brain and the self. Harwood describes this process as a prison, eyes against shoulder keep their blood black curtains tight body rolls back like a stone. Parallels are drawn between the ideal that the imagination is a separate entity and the separation between the physical skull and its place for the brain to reside, the brain resembles the imagination or factory of creativity. The poem makes specific and clear biblical references to the Resurrection through imagery furthermore providing to the c reative self, as it is aligned with the Christ, walk of life to Easter light. The necessity of the escapism and discovery of spiritual intensity is strongly fortify. In addition to the biblical references, prophesy imagery is implied through the sweet-flavored light.The continuing commit of personification and imagery encourages the reader to value the indistinct moments of passionate afterglow as opportunity to liberate the imagination. Harwood creates distinctiveness between the divine light present in the second stanza a ample with the darkness of tangible sleep and love through her use of enjambment and repetition which draws attention to the terminus of imaginative inspiration. In the last stanza, Harwood recombines the spirit with the corporal self which ultimately conveys the necessity of intimacy physically and the evanescence of imaginative passion. Additionally, the physical self along with the steamy self, are brought together as one entity which cannot exist withou t the other thus they possess equal importance and value, despite having separate functions. Throughout the poem Gwen Harwood reinforces the paradox that implies that extreme pleasure must coincide with extreme pain.In addition to her references to loss and sadness, Gwen Harwood amalgamates various elements of human experience through the reflection of memory as a primary theme. The importance of memory is expressed through harmonizing various layers of an individuals life and their shared experiences to create a wholeness that reconciles one with the decision of death. This concept is expressed through common themes of childhood, friendship and loss allowing her ideas to rest strongly with the reader. At Mornington is a reflection on mortality, and the value of memory in terms of appreciating life. The thematic concerns of loss and grief unravel through the first stanza. The persona describes her relationship with her father and establishes him as a protective var. through her po ndering of childhood memories.This motif of water is representative of serenity, peace and reflection which is furthermore established through the personification of the wave which was caught and rolled. Harwood distinguishes the finality and formality of death, which is conveyed in the poem through the dull imagery, the durability of marble and granite gravestones with the fragility of memory, fugitive as light to convey the gravitational stance of human life as opposed to the perceptions of experience that we choose to retain in our memory. A connection is made between memory and loss as they are both products of the past and Harwood uses this to reflect on the significance of valuing the present. This is furthered through the the wholeness of this day shared between two friends.The poem is established through Harwoods memory of her early childhood when she leapt from her fathers arms into the sea. She views her childish persistence, evidently through the repetition of the next wa ve. This concept is again reinforced through the blue brain referencing water and the sea with an underlying commentary on the qualities of water and childhood alike. This concept of childhood memory is later write in Harwoods image of pumpkins risingin airy defiance of nature, a metaphor for her constant trials against the inevitability of death and emergence in the fastness of light. The tone of the poem becomes reflective as the persona and her friend stand in silence amongst the avenues of the dead, which creates a need for ease and comfort.The silence of a dead human being is furthermore referenced through the image of the skull as it resembles the result of death. Reflection is regarded highly throughout At Mornington hence the ongoing reference to silence is important as relfection requires silence and tranquillity. The innocent belief that defying gravity was only a matter of balance is reflected in the personas present longing to transcend the gravity of death in airy def iance of nature.The idea of memory is furthered through the use of a dream whereby the persona begins to reconcile transient life with death. The raw and accentuated emotion of the poem turns sober reflection where the persona thinks of death no more but is able to confront death through the experience of dreams, pain, memories, love and grief. From dwelling on mortality emerges a serenity and acceptance exalt by unifying the inescapability of death with an acceptance of human nature and an appreciation of memory and friendship.Likewise, in her poem The Violets, Harwood blends the emotion of grief with a reflection on memory in order to achieve a state of reconciliation. The first stanza depicts a melancholy setting where frail violets excite the personas medical history of a poignant childhood experience. Harwoods adult grief is mirrored by her juvenile outrage at the time which had been stolen from her, and like death, the loss of time is irreplaceable.However the child is ultim ately reconciled by the sweetness of the personas parents, depicted through Harwoods use of domestic, homely imagery of the long hair and wood stove. There is a conviction in years cannot move that conveys a sudden awareness that memorys light presences can in times of despair, be as real to individuals as the present, and so a source of solace. The idea of there being consolation in loss is one that will resonate with readers searching for relief, and the lingering scent of violets shows the longevity of memory and conveys it as eternal, continuing the presence of those physically lost.Gwen Harwood explores and delves into the themes of time, death, childhood and loss which are all intrinsic to human experience. She effectively employs a range of poetic and literary techniques to explore transience, finality and the imperative role of memory.

Personal Reflection OJT Experience Essay

Coca-Cola FEMSA Philippines Inc.Company Profile / Brief HistoryCoca-Cola Femsa Philippines, Inc. offers distribution and bottling services for soft drinks. It distributes soft drinks, bottled water, and juices, with outstanding brands, such(prenominal) as Coca-Cola, Coca-Cola Light, Coca-Cola Zero, Lift, Powerade, Real Leaf, Royal Tru, Samurai, Sprite, and the bottled water brands Viva and Wilkins. The company was formerly known as Coca-Cola Bottlers Philippines, Inc. and changed its name to Coca-Cola Femsa Philippines, Inc. in January 2013. The company was founded in 1981 and is based in Makati City, the Philippines. As of January 24, 2013, Coca-Cola Femsa Philippines, Inc. operates as a subsidiary of Coca-Cola FEMSA S.A.B de C.V.Read moreOJT Experience EssayCoca-Cola FEMSA, a subsidiary of FEMSA, is the largest public bottler of Coca-Cola products in the world in term of sales volume, accounting for one out of every ten Coca- Cola products sold globally.Founded in Mexico in 1890, FEMSA has grown from a regional brewery that started operations with incisively 72 employees to one of the leading companies in Latin America with presence in nine countries and in the Philippines. Today, FEMSA employs over 170,000 people.In the face of a complex, competitive, and changing world, FEMSA profitably manages its business to meet the demands of an ever-growing, ever-evolving pool of customers and consumers.Mission / Vision StatementThe mission statement of the Coca-Cola FEMSA is To satisfy and please beverage consumers with excellence.The vision statement of the Coca-Cola FEMSA is To be the best bottler in the world, recognized for its excellent operations and the quality of its people.Organizational ChartRoles and ResponsibilitiesNames and titles/ military strengths of the employees in my department (include their roles in the organization)Dennis Bunoan Operations ExecutiveHe is the head of our department. His overall job is to supervise the opposite employees and c oordinate all the work done inside the postal service. Since he is the head, he is the one who approves requests and other matters.Richard Guamos storage w be kinsperson SupervisorHe leads a aggroup of workers who receive and record new stock as it comes in, and move stock onto trucks or store shelves as needed. He is the one in charge to supervise, evaluate and train new employees depute to w arhouse.Victor Carreon Warehouse SupervisorHe is in charge to supervise reception of all shipments. He as well evaluates complaints received on shipments of equipment and supplies and take appropriate actions.Rogelio Pamintuan Warehouse SupervisorHe directs and maintains a safety program for all employees assigned to warehouse. He operates tools, equipment, and machinery according to prescribed safety procedures. He also corrects unsafe conditions in work area and report card any conditions that are not amendable to higher ups immediately.Carlo Roel Pacis Warehouse Coordinator / Ope rationsHe coordinates the movements of goods from the plant warehouse up to the point of sale. He manage and prepares all documents related to shipping. He also monitors and assists the payload and unloading of merchandise inside the plant.William Nuqui Settlement AnalystHis main task is to settle every transactions especially those goods coming in and out of the plant. If on that point were some clarifications and corrections on the transactions (e.g, returned Purchase Order) he is the one who settle such problem. My Duties and Responsibilities (include the summary of the activities done in the office)One of my duties is encoding learning to the computer or database. I was also tasked to file or sort some important documents that are going to be submitted to the higher ups. Furthermore, I was also asked to troubleshoot a certain problem in one of their computer. Lastly, I was asked if I could recommend any hardware upgrade for one of my office mate.An Evaluation of my cultivat ionDescribe your work environmentI was assigned in operations department. Despite being one of the busiest department of the company, the ambiance inside the office is good. Our officemate are very friendly and easy to go with so I never had a hard clipping working in my new environment. Although hazards of radical works are coming inside our office everyday especially those documents related to shipping of goods, the employee manages to maintain the good ambiance inside the room. The office is cooled by two air-condition unit since the office has a lot ofcomputers.Describe the different office equipment / devices in your department There are a lot of computers in our office. Their brand are mostly dell and their operating system is Windows 7. They use radio confabulation system in order to communicate with other people since the company is big.Identify and describe the learning experiences / skills acquired during your practicum I learned a lot of things during my stay in the c ompany. The task that were given to me improved my skills significantly. My communication skills was enhanced because of how I communicate with my fellow office mates. My typing and Microsoft office skills were also enhanced since the task that were given to me is where it is focused.What were the challenges/problems had you encountered during your practicum and did you solve them? There is one time that I had to rush some paperwork since I was told that they had to pass it as soon as possible. With my typing skills, I was able to finish the work on time. I also had a problem with the usage of the program that they were using since its slightly complicated to use.Do you prefer to work alone or with a team?I prefer to work with a team. Being an intern in this company made me realize that working in a team will make the work faster and more convenient. For example you are confused with what you are doing, you can always ask for your teammates suggestions or assistance on that particul ar matter. In that way you can surely put up an effective output.5 Photos taken in the workplace with short description at bottom the Coca-Cola FEMSA plant.Inside our office. This is where I usually do my work.My desk after filing and sorting of documentsThe pile of papers with information that I have to encode in the computer convert data on MS ExcelObserved Organizational ValuesInterpersonal Relationships / Working relationship with co-workers They respect the hierarchy of authority when it comes to work. They know where and to whom they should report any issues concerning them. When it comes in dealing with officemates, everyone treats each other equally regardless of their position. They respect everyone. Those who belong to the top management dont use their position to take advantage from those who belong to the lower position.TeamworkCoca-Cola FEMSA is a big company, so everyone must contribute to the success of the company. Different workloads are given to different employee s. sometimes it is hard to accomplish the task given, luckily, employees are helpful and kind. They help each other as long as they can even if it is already beyond their job. They practice working as a team inside the office because they believe that two heads are really better than one. By doing so, employees can produce an effective and efficient output.Quality of Service DeliveredCoca-Cola FEMSA San Fernando Plant has been in the business for more than 30 years now. For me, they own their success not just to their industrious employees, but also to the quality of service they delivered to their market. They make sure that every time a customer purchase their products, they will be satisfied. By visual perception this, I learned that quality of service is really an important tool in achieving success, especially in a real working environment.Attendance / punctualityThe company is very strict when it comes to attendance and punctualitybecause employees are being paid based on the ir working hours. The gate near the guard house where the employees sign in and out is protected by a CCTV camera to make sure that employees time in and out is accurate. Coming on office beyond the official time-in is a deduction on their salary. For emergency absences, the company is very considerate as long as the reason for being listless is valid. For us interns, they implemented the same rule to prepare us for future employment.Personal GroomingThe company wants to maintain decency anywhere inside the plant. Employees, especially ladies, are not required to take up make up to look presentable unlike other company. As long as they wear the proper undifferentiated and practice good hygiene, they are free to enter the plant. This rule also applies to the interns. The only difference is we can chose whether to wear our school uniform or to wear decent civilian attire.

Evil Disney, Research Response to Henry Giroux Essay

There are plenty of hotbed issues on how the Disney corporations sociological and socio policy-making ideologies are embedded into their products and how they affect minorren, scarcely very few ask why Disney would place hidden ideologies in their movies/shows. What reasons would Disney nonplus to program kidren with outdated morality while interpreting desperately to uphold a model image of innocence? What practices has the disney corporation practiced that some would consider immoral or until now illegal?To answer these questions the following issues must be explored in more(prenominal) depth The history and actions of Disney from its inceptions to the present,Walts strict moral code along with the bequest he left behind, the policies of Disneyland along with the corporations political, judicial and economicalal power, Walts ties to the FBI and organise crime syndicates, and the revolving door politics in our government. Disneys powers have eachowed them unprecedented f reedoms associated with a private comp all and the pandoras box that is Evil Mickey. First,what is the Disney corporation and how did it come to be?It was created al around single handedly by Walter Elias Walt Disney. He was natural on December 5, 1901, one of five children. Walt had a love for drawing cartoons early on and even made money as a child by selling some of them to family and friends. When he was 16 he joined the Red Cross as an ambulance driver for WW1 after being denied service in the army for his young age. This patriotic fervor that would later shape his cartoons. When he returned home from the war he made a few failed attempts at functional in different animation companies until he and his brother, Roy, started the Disney Brothers Studio in 1923 after moving to California.The two of them prospered despite two major set prats becoming one of the most powerful media conglomerates today. Their first setback happened In the late 1920s. Disney learned that Winkler and her husband, Charles Mintz, had basically stolen their entire enterprise when they stole the rights to Oswald, an early character for his antic-o-grams. Along with all but one agent employee, Iwerks, who refused to leave Disney, hopefully winning him employee of the year. (biography. com) Charles was unsatisfied with the production costs for earlier creations.When Oswald became highly successful, Mintz hired all of the former employees at that placeby natural endowment the rights to the later formed Universal pictures first creation. According to his biography, during this sequence Walts wife was pregnant with their first child and Walt went into a mystifying opinion claiming it on financial stress. (sito, ch5) There is a lot of speculation round this time in Walts life. Some say that the Mishpucka and the organized mob had an influence into this(babbit) the mob, who at the time were powerful in the freezone of Hollywood, controlling unions, local law, substantive estate, f ilm sets, etc.Time Magazine, Nov. 1, 1943, wrote, In the witness conduct in Manhattans Federal Court sat bland, Wily Willie Bioft (pronounced Buy-off), blackmailer, panderer, labor leader, and now star witness against eight ex-pals, who are charged with shaking mastered $1 million from the movie industry Question Was it true that Bioft once had a five-year plan for taking over 20% of Hollywoods profits-and at last 50% interest In the studios themselves? Bioff (wistfully) If wed lasted that long, we would have.Question Did you ever say you were boss of Hollywood and could grow producers do whatever you wanted? Bioff Yes-and I could make them dance to my tune. Although Bioff rolled over on his pals and ended up frustrateting car bombed later there is no proof that Walt ever realizeed with them or against them. The tho link between Walt and the Mishpucka/Mafia is Mafia associate, Henry Cohn. After the first setback with Mintz Walt was heavily in debt and needed some way to bou nce back his business after losing nearly everything but his mind. Henry offered to give Walt a loan.The thought of the mafia looming over his head is one of the reasons stated for his severe depression (Rasmussen&Sito) The theft of Oswald, was a blessing in disguise that lead to the creation of Mickey Mouse and later to create the universes first full length alert movie in 1937, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, which won 8 Oscars and made 1. 5 million despite being in the midst of an economic meltdown. (biography. com) Opening up Disney to a whole new realm of marketing and showing Walt the popularity and power of his studios. The second setback was the strike of 1941.Which was instigated by the firing of former head of the Federation of cover version Cartoonists and later leader of the Screen Cartoonists Guild, Art Babbitt on May 28, which caused 200 animators to go on strike around immediately. (Sito&babbit) Walt early on had discovered that propaganda and public image were k ey to selling media, which is why he was so studious about keeping the interior of the workplace Christian. Walt had created the Federation of Screen artists to amend control his workers, which was a union that regularly met with him on issues such as wage increases, better hours, less footage quotas, and better work environments.Since Walt was notorious for being a bit cruel and demanding in the office. (rasmussen) Though as soon as Art learned this he created the Screen Cartoonists Guild whose recruiting patterns were not the nicest methods possible but it did get them all to join There were these tough union guys who said we couldnt enter the door unless we joined, so we did. Under protest I joined. Because of the new job classification my salary doubled overnight. So i cant complain about the union. (sito) This was a time when union laws were strong under Teddy Roosevelt, more often than not the law would favor the people over the corporation.This was in addition a time when many Mob bosses were often also Union bosses so it was a give and take situation. Unions were now viewed as less as a instrumental barrier between workers and the corporations to something evil, something, Communist. With the Red scare well under way and people were mixing socialist ideologies with communism. Though at this time the idea of communism was quite popular the way patsies were during the prohibition age. It was doing quite well in the underground of society. Even within Disney there was communism, Walt even thought communist agitators were the perpetrator to the 1941 strike. sito)This all of fall is the end result of years of oppressive rule under Walt along with strengthening unions demanding better pay and working conditions. Walt hated those whose ideas drifted more towards the left wing which would fit the image of the highly conservative man he was. In the office an employee could be fired on the spot for any kind of social infraction. If an employee cursed or m ade any sort of rude engagements with a woman they would be forced to leave and of course there was no drinking allowed in his office. Disney employees under Walt had to get a hall pass to go to the restroom or get up at all Of course walt was known for his rages, often times screaming at artists who had not met his quotas of 30 to sometimes 60 feet of film in one day.He was also known to be a heavy drinker in his officeYou could smell the gin on his breath everyday after lunch (Sito) Walt testified about the strike in the hearings of the House Committee on Un-American Activities about this and much more calling them Communist agitators, among other less decent things. sito) This of course started the well documented relationship between Walt and the FBI from 1940 till his death. He was promoted to full Special Agent in Charge Contact, which meant he had people under him conclusion communists and saboteurs, Ronald Reagan being one of his fellow operatives under T-10. He and Reagan Blacklisted many writers, actors and artists for having a differing political belief as that of the reigning government. The FBI also gained access to Disneyland to use as a platform for whatever they want.There is talk online on blogs that the FBI motionless use Disneyland to monitor foreign nationals entering the park since the threat of communism no longer applies. (Herbert&Sito&Babbit&Rasmussen) The relationship Walt had with the FBI and the ability to blacklist anybody he wanted may subscribe to Disneys amazing rise during this time as a media powerhouse(but thats solo speculation) This cozy relationship between Disney and the government has continued through the wonderful world of the revolving door politics. A sad modern relationship that is so normally seen between politics and private companies.Many who are in executives in Disney will enter into politics and gain high levels positions starting as anteroomists and hug their way into actual positions of power in the gove rnment. Marsha Macbride for caseful, worked as an FCC chief of staff to chairman powell for years before sometime in the late 1990s she started to lobby for Disney and was a major advisor in the clinton administration as well as during the merger of time warner and AOL, which Disney ended up winning and gaining rights along with funds settlements in 2003.The next year she is working as the Executive Vice President for Legal and Regulatory Affairs at the National Association of Broadcasters and still is. (gov relations 1-3) Another is Lisa Caputo who served citigroup, disney vp of communications and as a bill clinton staffer (gov relations 5)or Susan Fox who worked as an fcc advisor before going to work for disney as an advisor between the government on their divisions such as the Disney Interactive Media Group, Disney Channel, the Disney ABC Cable Networks, ABC and ESPN. (gov relations 4) Others include George mitchell who worked in on come along of Directors as well as a US sena tor.Eileen Oconnor was a news producer for ABC but is now working in a US embassy. Dennis Hightower a former Sr. executive officer transferred to Dep Secretary of commerce. (gov relations 3&5)There is even a department of Disney called Disney government relations that has a direct link to another department within the FCC. After calling a few times and getting different information I got this we work with our partners in government such as the AFA or the FCC to get better standards of broadcasting for the Disney corporation. Basically legally bribing politicians to dismay their standards and to take Disneys side in lawsuits and bodied takeovers. Now a days after Walts death Disney has expanded to epic proportions in the media industry.The public face of cuddly animals, childrens cigarette tales and building theme parks It also owns six motion picture studios, ABC television network and its 226 affiliated stations, multiple cable television networks, 227 tuner stations, four musi c companies, three cruise lines, theatrical production companies, publishing houses, multiple educational shorts, 15 magazine titles and five video game emergence studios. (gabler)It became the cultural pervader of a perfect world with everything that it put its name on. But there is a darker side to Disney that is up for debate. The side of Disney that is bigoted, American exceptionalist, sexist, racist, and a purveyor of pain and suffering. The propaganda machine that is Disney today. Propaganda has always been an important part in any government, from mummers playing the latest military conquest to Disneys subliminal messages of obedience in childrens movies.Producers construct fantasy societies that seem to run in perfect harmony where each worker and is happy to work their menial jobs and never aspire to try to raise themselves above their born level. This is seen in the workers of Antz, Sleeping Beauty and Oz. Always with an all powerful just ruler. These stories lead childre n into blindly following their leading down the yellow brick road to the great and powerful Oz. Workers are quite happy to serve the rich and privileged, never questioning their subordinate position. (giroux pg 102). Another example is the Chicken little movie in 1938, where the people are the chickens, the farmer the government and the fox being intellectuals (with his psychology book) Programming americans, along with all of the other(now banned) wartime disney movies that exudate out Walts own personal bigoted morals. Another example is the Thrifty Pigs which is trying to get people to buy war bonds to stop the big naughtily wolf, or Home Defense which makes fun of the French soldiers as being incompetent.All of these and countless others that were formed to get the people to promote in a war that we had no part in until Pearl Harbor. Or the worst one, The spirit of the 43 taxes to fight the axis Dont spend your money on things you dont need, give it to the government. Nothi ng like big brother Disney. But this side of Disney stops, at least blatantly, after Walts death in 1966 when it became a modern obdurate bureaucratic corporation. Yet hidden messages are still within modern movies, though with less obvious programming. vciolinguistic construction of social dominance and inferiority in which characters who use mainstream American English tend to be associated with strongly positive actions and motivations pg 102 of Giroux While the antagonist is often of another nationality such as the British flaccid Scar or any voice that isnt middle class Suburbia speech, as seen in Ursulas louisiana swamp artistic style. This pushes children to view those of the lower social class, dark skinned people or foreigners to be evil and become xenophobic and racist towards anything different than themselves.Disney goes a step further and makes a culture of consumerism, without tenements or poverty or urban class conflict Its a native white Protestant dream of a worl d without blacks or immigrants. , image of small towns characterized by cheerful commerce, with barbershop quartets and ice cream sundaes and glorious parades. (giroux pg 96) Everything media wise that Disney produces ends up becoming a cog in the Disney corporate machine with imaginers spewing out product after product to sell to children and increase profits.Children see a movie and want to emulate the role models perceived, then a commercial comes on after Mickey mouse club house for the newest enchanted Princess gown or Woodys costume and the kids ask their parents to get it. Children have not just copied the looks of the protagonists in Disney stories but have come to expect those fantasies to play out in real life, when the real world isnt such a happy place and has no room for such fantasy. People end up growing up focusing on material items and their personal lives instead of focusing on the fixable issues, calling it the American dream.This ideology of apathy is a big prob lem now with revolving door politics, politicians who promise the aforesaid(prenominal) things over and over and never fix them and blame the other side, failing infrastructure, falling public school standards and debt through the roof. Not saying that its all Disneys fault, of course not. Though almost every American child has seen at least one disney movie, its almost impossible not to be sucked into Disneys sway since they even show them often in public schools as educational videos never delving deeper.As a social manipulator Disney has taken the fight out of us. Programing us to follow American exceptionalism since the American was the hero is portrayed morally just whilst his/her enemy spoke in an exotic accent along with generating xenophobism of other cultures. Reinforcing children to follow the status quo and not to learn about the rest of the worlds culture outside their own narrow sphere of friends and family, enclosing ourselves in a media shell while proliferating Amer icans culture and moral values to other nations, who view disney as the true america.Disneyland it is the real country, all of real America -Jean Baudrillard pg 95 of giroux. To be fair, countless other childrens shows show non moral/family friendly broadcasting, especially now. Watching Spongebob as a child or the modern shows such as Adventure Time or the Regular Show and then seeing them as an adult. Explaining why my mother would laugh at certain parts of the shows that I didnt laugh at.I notice now the abundance of sexual jokes I missed as a kid and the references to drugs, crimes, war, and all the other stuff thats messed up with the world. So this kind of hidden messages has been deeply imbedded into all sorts media, they are adults working on childrens shows after all, so i doubt theyd be mature. What is evil about Disney is the corporation and those leading it, not the movies that they put their name on. This culture of consumerism that the corporation has exacerbated has evolved into a new network with companies working together to sell a common goal.

Coffee Culture

Coffee has been around for a very long time. It is no coincidence that much(prenominal) an influential and integral drink has created a cultural realm of its own. According to Hot and Bothered Coffee and Caffeine Humor by Elise Decamp with Catherine M. Tucker, deep brown humor has been depicted to be one of the compliments that has culturally elevated coffee bean berry-drinking to a another human aspect humor. Humor can be see and expressed in more ways than one.There are no set rules of what constitutes humor in any society therefore, humor comes in many shapes and sizes. So, how is increase coffee humor relayed to caffein culture? Each culture and point in time is different, but coffee has always had a strong correlational statistics to a caffeine culture that stemmed from the physiological and mental attributes that coffee, or caffeine, imposes on its consumer. Because of its notorious make coffee has on its consumers, drinking coffee has been represent as an energizing , riveting, and delectable image.The article also makes references to cartoons and sketches about consuming coffee in the mid-1900s and how it depicted the consumption of coffee and its effects. This is perhaps because during that span, societies were emerging as more work-oriented lives that led to the more practical use of coffee, or caffeine. Coffee humor emerged as a way of interpreting coffee consumption and its effects by portraying the consumers as very alert, alive, and even somber. The articles also notes that research on caffeine consumption not only may make a person more energized and alert, but also relaxed and at ease.This eventually led to the relationship coffee had with its consumers by allowing avid coffee drinkers to demonstrate their affinity and awe by either wearing it as a shirt, bumper sticker, or on a description via social media. Eventually, coffee humor has contributed to the image many coffee drinkers hold and has been an essential method of showing the world the many faces of drinking coffee. Drinking coffee, however, has not always been portrayed as a positive influence.Through coffee humor, modern preoccupations about coffee or other aspects of modern life have been revealed to be a concern for the consumption of coffee. The article explains the use of caffeine as drug, known as dopamine, which is responsible for the effects it has on its consumers. Those effects being alertness sleep depravity, high-energy, and an increase in blood pressure. Caffeine not only causes these effects to take place during its intake, but like many other drugs, it leads to withdrawals that bring forth anxiousness, depression, muscle fatigue, insomnia, and headaches.These withdrawals, however, only last a couple up days, unlike stronger drugs with longer lasting withdrawals. Consequently, coffee humor has taken an interpretation of the effects of coffee consumption by portraying what would happen if someone was to go without drinking coffee and their lives would be different. What may seem like an innocent joke at first, could actually be analyzed as a portraying of a social issue of the potential dangers and misinformed lifestyles many choose to be a part of.

Polythene: Plastic Shopping Bags

Polythene pollution is everywhere, and the puzzle is getting worse. For most of us, the problem is seen as one of visual pollution, where mold fit handgrips litter streets, roadways, and in whatsoever(pre nominal phrase) cases beautiful beas across the country. No one will argue that polythene is useful. The pliant basiss we use to carry home food or mathematical products are for the most pct very light and very strong. Using these bags is not really the problem. The problem, leading(p) to polythene pollution, is the improper methods of disposing of the bags.Theyve been marketed as throw-away items, and that is all too often what we do, except they get intot always end up in the garbage. Save A Tree Polythene wasnt introduced as a bad thing. It wasnt all that many years agone that we started using plastic bags to save a tree. By using paper bags for groceries, it seemed like we were get byting down trees, using the wood or soma products on a one time basis, and then t hrowing the product away. The message was, we were on the verge of making a renewable resource, trees, a non-renewable one.everal design options and features are available. Some bags have gussets to allow a higher leger of contents. Some have the ability to stand up on a shelf or a refrigerator. Some have easy-opening or reclosable options. Handles are cut into or added onto more or less. moldable bags usually use less material than comparable boxes, cartons, or jars, and so are often considered as reduced or minimized promotional material.Depending on the construction, plastic bags base be well suited for plastic recycling. They can be incinerated in appropriate facilities for waste-to-energy conversion. They are stable and benign in sanitary landfills. If disposed of improperly, however, plastic bags can create unsightly litter and stultification some types of wildlife.Bags are also made with carrying handles, hanging holes, tape attachments, gage features, etc. Some bags h ave provisions for easy and controlled opening. Reclosable features, including press-to-seal zipper strips such as Ziploc, are leafy vegetable for kitchen bags. Some bags are sealed and can solely be opened by destroying the packaging, providing some tamper-evident capability.Bags can be made with a variety of plastics films. polyethylene (LDPE, LLDPE etc.) is the most common. Other forms, including laminates and coextrusions can be apply when the physical properties are needed.Boil-in-bags are often apply for sealed frozen foods, sometimes consummate entres. The bags are usually tough heat-sealed nylon or polyester to withstand the temperatures of change state water. Some bags are porous or perforated to allow the hot water to amour the food rice, noodles, etc.Bag-In-Box packaging is often used for liquids such as wine and institutional sizes of other liquids.Often times, children may attempt to use bags as a sort of makeshift kite. By tying string to the handles, they are a ble to successfully glide them, provided there is a gentle breeze, until they lose their trance or grow weary of holding them and simply let go, unaware of the circumstance that they are endangering animals lives.Plastic shopping bagsMain article Plastic shopping bag Open bags with carrying handles are used in large numbers nationwide. Stores often provide them as a convenience to shoppers. Some stores charge a nominal fee for a bag. Heavy-duty reusable shopping bags are often considered environmentally cave in than single-use paper or plastic shopping bags.Waste presidential term bagsMain article Bin bag Flexible intermediate bulk container Main article Flexible intermediate bulk container Flexible Intermediate wad Containers (Big bags, bulk bags, etc.) are large industrial containers, usually used for powders or flowables.Use of plastic bags internationallyThe number of plastic bags used worldwide has been estimated to be on the aim of 1 trillion annually. The use of plastic bags differs dramatically across countries. While the average consumer in China uses simply 2 or 3 plastic bags a year, the numbers are much higher in most other countries Denmark 4, Ireland 18, Germany 65, USA 300, Poland, Hungary, Slovakia more than 400. In order to reduce plastic bag consumption, the European Union has suggested to pass new regulations.Danger to childrenThin plastic bags, especially dry cleaning bags, have the potential for causing suffocation. About 25 children in the United States suffocate each year due to plastic bags, 99.2% are under the age of one. This has led to voluntary sample labels on some bags which may pose a hazard to small children.Danger to marine wildlifePlastic bags, which escape the garbage collection process, often end up in streams, which then lead them to end up in the open ocean. Because they float, and resemble a jellyfish, plastic bags pose significant dangers to marine mammals, such as leatherback turtle sea turtles, when they enter their digestive tract. Because plastic bags cause damage to ocean marine life, litter city streets, and contribute to carbon emissions in their manufacture and shipping, some towns in the United States, including San Francisco, CA, Portland, OR, Seattle, WA and Austin, TX have begun to ban or restrict the use of plastic bags, usually starting with plastic shopping bags.Polythene Plastic Shopping BagsPolythene pollution is everywhere, and the problem is getting worse. For most of us, the problem is seen as one of visual pollution, where plastic bags litter streets, roadways, and in some cases scenic areas across the country. No one will argue that polythene is useful. The plastic bags we use to carry home food or products are for the most part very light and very strong. Using these bags is not really the problem. The problem, leading to polythene pollution, is the improper methods of disposing of the bags. Theyve been marketed as throw-away items, and that is all too often what we do, except they dont always end up in the garbage.Save A Tree Polythene wasnt introduced as a bad thing. It wasnt all that many years ago that we started using plastic bags to save a tree. By using paper bags for groceries, it seemed like we were cutting down trees, using the wood or pulp products on a one time basis, and then throwing the product away. The message was, we were on the verge of making a renewable resource, trees, a non-renewable one. everal design options and features are available. Some bags have gussets to allow a higher volume of contents. Some have the ability to stand up on a shelf or a refrigerator. Some have easy-opening or reclosable options.Handles are cut into or added onto some. Plastic bags usually use less material than comparable boxes, cartons, or jars, thus are often considered as reduced or minimized packaging. Depending on the construction, plastic bags can be well suited for plastic recycling. They can be incinerated in appropriate facilities for waste-to-energy conversion. They are stable and benign in sanitary landfills. If disposed of improperly, however, plastic bags can create unsightly litter and harm some types of wildlife. 34 Bags are also made with carrying handles, hanging holes, tape attachments, security features, etc.Some bags have provisions for easy and controlled opening. Reclosable features, including press-to-seal zipper strips such as Ziploc, are common for kitchen bags. Some bags are sealed and can only be opened by destroying the packaging, providing some tamper-evident capability. Bags can be made with a variety of plastics films. Polyethylene (LDPE, LLDPE etc. ) is the most common. Other forms, including laminates and coextrusions can be used when the physical properties are needed. Boil-in-bags are often used for sealed frozen foods, sometimes complete entres.The bags are usually tough heat-sealed nylon or polyester to withstand the temperatures of boiling water. Some bags are porous or perforated to allow the hot water to contact the food rice, noodles, etc. Bag-In-Box packaging is often used for liquids such as wine and institutional sizes of other liquids. Often times, children may attempt to use bags as a sort of makeshift kite. By tying string to the handles, they are able to successfully glide them, provided there is a gentle breeze, until they lose their grip or grow weary of holding them and simply let go, unaware of the fact that they are endangering animals lives.Plastic shopping bagsedit Main article Plastic shopping bag Open bags with carrying handles are used in large numbers nationwide. Stores often provide them as a convenience to shoppers. Some stores charge a nominal fee for a bag. Heavy-duty reusable shopping bags are often considered environmentally better than single-use paper or plastic shopping bags. Waste disposal bagsedit Main article Bin bag Flexible intermediate bulk containeredit Main article Flexible intermediate bulk container Flexible Intermediate B ulk Containers (Big bags, bulk bags, etc.) are large industrial containers, usually used for powders or flowables.Use of plastic bags internationallyedit The number of plastic bags used worldwide has been estimated to be on the order of 1 trillion annually. The use of plastic bags differs dramatically across countries. While the average consumer in China uses only 2 or 3 plastic bags a year, the numbers are much higher in most other countries Denmark 4, Ireland 18, Germany 65, USA 300, Poland, Hungary, Slovakia more than 400. In order to reduce plastic bag consumption, the European Union has suggested to pass new regulations.Danger to childrenedit Thin plastic bags, especially dry cleaning bags, have the potential for causing suffocation. About 25 children in the United States suffocate each year due to plastic bags, 99. 2% are under the age of one. This has led to voluntary warning labels on some bags which may pose a hazard to small children. Danger to marine wildlifeedit Plastic bags, which escape the garbage collection process, often end up in streams, which then lead them to end up in the open ocean.Because they float, and resemble a jellyfish, plastic bags pose significant dangers to marine mammals, such as leatherback turtle sea turtles, when they enter their digestive tract. Because plastic bags cause damage to ocean marine life, litter city streets, and contribute to carbon emissions in their manufacture and shipping, some towns in the United States, including San Francisco, CA, Portland, OR, Seattle, WA and Austin, TX have begun to ban or restrict the use of plastic bags, usually starting with plastic shopping bags.

Female Body Dissatisfaction

The Medias Influence on Female Body Dissatisfaction Too often we hear ourselves and others grumble about the room we look. Females of all in all ages complain that they need to lose weight, need a nose Job, lip injections, Bottom, and implants. These surgical procedures atomic number 18 even advertised on public transportation. Most of us are not satisfied with our bodies even though we are considered healthy. What can possibly be the cause for intimately women to be dissatisfied with their natural bodies? Consider that most women are comparing themselves to unrealistic models in magazines and perfect bodies advertising assign and knockout products.Notice I quote the word perfect, I do this because I look at body image is subjective, yet many pile dont think so anymore causing them to become dissatisfied with their bodies. This unfortunate dissatisfaction is cause by the look the media portrays beauty and the ideal body. Commissioning editor of The Observer magazine Eva Was hman, In her persuasive-informative article, Uncomfortable in our skin the body-image report, discusses the medias massive lineament on the course most quite a little, from pre teens to older citizens, are dissatisfied with their bodies.She adopts an earnest tone in order to display just how massive the medias office towards this issue is to her adult subscribers. Washmans purpose is to expose that the steering the media displays the ideal attractive body allow, has, and is causing people from as young as age seven to be dissatisfied with their body. Washman advises people, who scent dissatisfied with their bodies, to suck up the media critically and realize that they are advertising trying to sell them something. In the beginning of her article washman arrives at the University of the West of England to visit the worlds only Centre for personal manner Research (Car).There she meets the women of the Car, a team led by professor Nicholas Ramsey and Dry Diana Harcourt, t o discuss their research on how people deal with changing attitudes to appearance, and on the focus helping answer the question why do people, women and men, nauseate the way they look? She mentions to them that she doesnt kindred the way she looks as well. Throughout her article she points out quatern main points about the way the media is effecting the way people, specifically women, hate the way they look.First she points out that people are becoming dissatisfied with their appearance from a load age and for many women it lasts just about forever. Second she points out that people who are dissatisfied with their appearance analyze themselves to social networked strangers, celebrities, and to photodiode images provided by the media. Third she points out that It is the fashion industry fault for making skinny, bony, unhealthy models upliftm equivalent the ideal perfect body because their sizing zero sample sizes force the media to advertise on much(prenominal) bodies.The fourth point, she adds, is that todays diets, which are continuously advertised by the media in magazines, TV, and he radio, are the way people are cognitively advance to eat and are to blame for their anxiety. Washman concludes that the best way for people to nurture knightly the media false portrayal of the ideal perfect body, is to consume the media critically by reminding themselves that the media is advertising, and they are Just trying to sell them a certain product. Washman also concludes that after leaving the Car she is still insecure with her appearance only she now has a fall in understanding of why she feels that way.Washman furthers her purpose by effectively combining the use of give-and-take, Ethos, and Pathos to expand her main points. Washman Effectively convinces her audience that the media has a massive role on the way most people, from pre teens to senior citizens, are dissatisfied with their bodies through the use of interviewing women who are in a power ful position in the media mated with sensational stories from victims of this dissatisfaction including herself. She also tells of her extensive research in the area to make her readers believe in her credibility.By using all 3 strategies, Logos, Ethos, and Pathos she effectively fails the reader to believe her logically, to relate emotionally, and to establish her authority. Although washmans article is strong and credible, I believe she personalizes the topic. The Car talks in general about the way people hate the way they look while she mainly focuses on the female sex. I think that took away from her purpose because she started out talk of the town about both sexes but got into detail on only the effect it has on females. Also, throughout the article she misuses Ethos or authority by not citing her sources in some areas.I mate with all of Wigwams points pick uply, I can relate to them because I personally am dissatisfied with my appearance and she helped me analyze why the m edia is to blame for our dissatisfaction. Specifically thou I agree that our anxiety. I continuously feel so guilty when I allow a piece of chocolate or a bag of chips. The reason I feel guilty is because I feel like models and women who are considered sexy are watching out, working hard, and avoiding these foods, and I am consume them and not cosmos as slim as the people who dont.Washman mention Bounces Bibb post pregnancy weight loss in her article to support my thoughts and feelings. Washmans effective use of Logos and misuse of ethos appears in her startle point People are coming dissatisfied with their appearance at a young age, and in many cases this dissatisfaction lasts almost forever. She uses Logos or logic to make her point by bringing in statistics. She explains that at age 5 children start to realize that their appearance is be Judged by others, at age seven they feel insecure and dissatisfied with their appearance, and that 90% of women in Britain feel anxious a bout their body image. Although she did somewhat prove her point she did not include her source here, which causes the audience to question her credibility of this topic. She then explained that this can almost last forever in some women. contrastingly in this part of her evidence Washman clearly states And it doesnt wane many women in their ass are still anxious about the way their bodies look which, Professor Ramsey explains, can even affect their treatment in hospital, when their health choices are influenced by aesthetics. I agree with her because, being born in the mid asss, I went through body dissatisfaction at a very young age. I used to cry to my mom when I was 6 because I didnt look anything like Barbie. Now I feel very ignorant for that but I still feel dissatisfied with my body even though I am at a healthy weight. She shows logic because her point is clear and specific, she has strong reason, and she gives evidence of her point, but her evidence is not completely credi ble therefore her give-and-take or logic is not either because in order to have strong logic your evidence must also be credible.As you can see in her statistics she discuses males, she only speaks of females, this leave alone most likely cause her body image-dissatisfied males to draw away from her article. Washman then uses Ethos in a better way along with pathos or emotion to continue to prove her first point. She connects herself by going back to her editing career. She tells a story about her emotions towards her appearance. She states Two historic period ago I started writing a column for this magazine, illustrated by a photo of my face. At times it made me feel odd (l have neer liked photos), at other times sad, often anxious.It made me more aware that I dont like the way I look, but more, I dont like the fact that I dont like it. But its not Just me. All Cars research suggests that Britains body image is in crisis. Here she establishes authority effectively by connectin g herself to the gist and she uses Car as a credible source. Pathos is used here because of her emotional story bout how she has been feeling dissatisfied with her appearance for the past two years of her career. The emotion she used is where the Pathos strategy comes in.She gets the audience to relate to her feelings by using this story to get there emotions going and to also get them to imagine the illustration of her face. She uses the words Odd, sad, and anxious. Her use of diction here is clear there is a pattern of sadness in her words to get the audience to realize how the media affects their emotions negatively Just like it does for her. I think she should have used a much stronger rod than sad, I would liked it if she used the word gloomy or even another word that is more intense such as depressed.Also I think the women and men reading this will find themselves questioning what exactly made her feel sad, odd, and anxious. What about the illustration made her feel that way? She does not demonstrate the illustration at all. I think if she was more specific, It would bring more emotion to them and help them imagine the illustration more vividly. Wigwams point that people who are dissatisfied with their appearance compare themselves to social worked strangers, celebrities, and to photodiode images revived by the media is proven by her effective use of logic.This time she establishes better Ethos or authority to make it much more credible. Weve al ways compared ourselves to other people, but what has changed is the way we use images. She says. She then brings up a famous study, to back her claim up, which looked at teenage girls in Fiji after TV was introduced to them in 1995. The study showed that after three years of the girls watching TV, the most ones who watched it were 50% more likely to describe themselves as too fat 29% scored highly on a test of eating-disorder risk.Her clear use of statistics and logic causes her audience to believe what she is saying because she has evidence, a scientific study, to go with her thesis. She establishes credibility by proving that the media really does have a massive affect on their body dissatisfaction and the evidence is there to speak for her. I cant agree with her more on this. The medias role here is way too clear. Many of my friends are always out to get that celebrity look and do not feel satisfied because they will never look exactly like that celebrity.I think if this study was done again in 2013 the rates would be much higher. Washman uses Pathos or emotion and Ethos or authority to prove her third point It is the fashion industry fault for making skinny, bony, unhealthy models seem like the ideal perfect body because their size zero sample sizes force the media to advertise on such bodies. Washman decides to use a personal interview with the editor of Vogue Alexandra Sultan. Washman explains that Sultan herself knows that real people, actors featured in Vogue, dont fit sample size cloths.Her exact words are Were sitting in her bright white office, beside shelves displaying international Vogue covers. She points at them one by one. Washman says. As she pointed at them one by one washman says that she that she explained that the celebrities in each of the covers were wearing sample sizes that fit them tight, unlike the models. The way she presents this tuition is much more detailed and adds vivid images of their conversation. This kind of vivid information presented with such strong imaginary detail is a great example of the way Washman uses detail in proving her third point.She continues to add evidence, but now she uses Ethos. She speaks of sultans efforts to get the fashion industry to roved larger sample sizes because she did not like that their tiny designs were forcing editors to fool away them on models with no breasts or hips. Washman then asks sultan if she has seen any change throughout her efforts. Sultan sees that there is still a bit off cecit y and the fashion industry does not realize that people want to see something different. I completely agree with sultan because I am the same way as well.I am Muslim and often times I prefer shopping at boutiques owned by other Muslims because they provide Muslim and set eastern fashion and there models wear a hajji Just like I do. Washman also agrees with her by saying Shes right, but she doesnt balk there she adds her evidence. She states Ben Barry (a PhD student at Cambridge University) surveyed 3,000 women, the vast majority of whom significantly increase purchase intentions when they see a model that reflects their age, size and race. Here Washman demonstrates complete credibility.She demonstrates respect for sultans viewpoint and thoughts. Backs up both her thoughts and Sultans thoughts with credible evidence and sources, and she cited her source correctly. Her fourth point claiming that Todays diets, which are mutinously advertised by the media in magazines, TV, and the rad io, are the way people are cognitively encouraged to eat and are to blame for their anxiety she combines the use of ethos and logos to show credibility and then uses pathos to get her audience to emotionally feel her thesis. Washman starts out with the use of statistics.She begins by mentioning that rates of depression in women and girls doubled between 2000 and 2010 then she adds that the more women self depersonalise themselves the more they become depressed. She proposes that this is caused by the medias warm embrace of disordered eating. Then she backs up her thoughts with evidence. Garcia reports that Beyond lost 60 pounds of baby weight by eating only lettuce. Cosmopolitan wrote about Kate Middlemans Dugan diet, which begins with seven days of pure protein, and later two celebration meals a week.If women dont look like Beyond or Kate Middleton, their flat stomachs a testament to their stamina then, it seems, they are not working hard enough. here she is using Logos by provid ing deductive reasoning. She uses this by first stating her evidence then proving her thoughts towards it and adding it to her thesis or point. She adds ethos to it by providing her sources correctly in this case her magazine titles while titillating them. This establishes her credibility. She continues to prove her fourth point by interviewing Lauren codger.Washman explains that Codger is, in her words, One celebrity whose body is frequently scrutinized (and scorned) by the tabloid media. Washman meets with Codger as she is weeks into a drastic diet plan. Washman says to her Many women feel Judged on their appearance in some way, but what does it feel like to have those verdicts read by 99 million people a calendar month? Now before I mention Codgers response I want to mention that washman most probably chose that question knowing that Codger is going to have an emotional response.She does this so she can be able to provide Pathos or emotion when she comes to write about her inte rview to her audience women who somewhat partake the same feelings. Washman said that Codger responded by saying l cant look at comments. I cant buy the mass any more. I used to distinguish them, but I was happy then. Then my weight became a story, not Just for the show but for the press. Yeah, Im definitely aware of the online scrutiny. My body becomes my work. Codgers Response causes people who are dissatisfied with their bodies to feel worse for codger than they feel for themselves after reading this.Codger is one of the victims who find that todays diets are the way they cognitively feel encouraged to eat and are to blame for their anxiety. In sum, Washmans Article is very useful because it demonstrates the medias massive role on the way females, from pre teens to senior citizens, are dissatisfied with their bodies. It offers ways the media is trying to avoid this negative influence, the reasons fate the influence, who is to blame, ND what women can possibly do about it, even thou they do not have verify over the way the media portrays beauty.Although it provides all these aspects to prove her thesis, I do not consider it one 100% credible because Washman forgets to cite some sources and loses focus when talking about women specifically instead of all people generally as she first stated. I Think both sexes are dissatisfied with their appearance evenly from the medias false portrayal of beauty and the ideal body image.

Ankle Joint Angular Kinematics Health And Social Care Essay

Kinematic information was obtained utilizing an eight camera move analysis system as participants ran at 4.0ms-1+5 % , angles were created utilizing the coiling method and the six available rotary intercommunicate cardan sequences.A popular method of quantifying the angular place of a stiff energising frame with take in to a mention frame is via the use of independent angles known normally as cardan or Euler angles ( Schache et al. , 2001 ) . Cardan/Euler rotary motions argon obtained by geezerhoodncies of an request sequence of rotary motions ( Schache et al. , 2001 ) . Rotations are considered to happen somewhat the axis of the section co-ordniate system. For illustration during an XYZ cardan sequence of rotary motions, the section is rotated about the X axes by an angle A, so rotates about a revolved Y by an angle B and so eventually rotated about a doubly rotated Z axes by an angle C ( Schache et al. , 2001 ) .For a given gesture, different cardan sequences jakes a ct upon the angular computations ( gelt et al. , 1993 ) . The International Society of Biomechanics ( ISB ) recommends that lour appendage angular kinematics be calculated utilizing an XYZ sequence of rotary motions, where Ten is flexion/extension, Y is abduction/adduction and Z is axial ( internal/external ) rotary motion ( Cole et al. , 1993 and Wu et al. , 2002 ) . Cole et Al ( 1993 ) based their recommendations more or less the apprehension that the first rotary motion should be the axis with the superior mountain range of gesture, their takingss led to the recommended ardor to give clinically relevant informations. However, the big sum of sagittal plane gesture during pace can encroach on the representation of motions outside the sagittal plane ( transverse talk ) , ensuing in greater than expected coronal/transverse plane articulation profiles ( Thewlis et al. , 2008 ) . As such(prenominal) it has been proposed that the XYZ sequence when employ to rotary motions outsid e the sagittal plane may non be the most appropriate method.In add-on to the normally used cardanic method, coiling angles can excessively be used to depict the place of one mention system with regard to another ( Woltring et al. , 1985 ) . Using this technique a place vector and an druthers vector are defined and motion from a mention place is described in footings of rotary motion along a individual project axis. This method is considered to be stable over any imaginable joint gesture, yet it is utilised infrequently as angular gesture utilizing this technique may non match with an anatomical representation that is clinically meaningful ( Hamill and Selbie, 2004 ) .The ankle articulation plays a cardinal function in the spatial relation stage of the pace beatnik ( Areblad et al. , 1990 and Novacheck 1998 ) . In combination with the hip and articulatio genus articulations the mortise joint facilitates motive power and transmits forces and minutes during the stance stage when th e pes is regarded as the interface of the tender locomotor system with the environment. Therefore, motion of the mortise joint is an of import constituent of pace mechanics and as such the right reading of its motion is inhering in kinematic analyses.A choice figure of trys have examined the influence that the method used to cipher segmental kinematics has on the representation of segmental kinematics during pace ( Schache et al. , 2001, Kavaduna et al. , 2000, Tupling and Pierrynowski 1987, Woltring, 1991 and Thewlis et al. , 2008 ) . Areblad et al. , ( 1990 ) and Cole et al. , ( 1993 ) compared ankle articulation kinematics in the sagittal, coronal and miscegenation planes utilizing two rotary motion sequences where the first rotary motion was flexion/extension in twain instances. However, these probes did non analyze the staying four rotary motion sequences and used a two camera set-up whereby the deliberate angles are sensitive to the alliance of the cameraAs such the most appropriate method for the finding of ankle joint kinematics during running remains unknown. This survey investigated the influence of the coiling method every bit profound as the 6 available cardan sequences on ankle joint kinematics in the sagittal, coronal and overcompensate planes.MethodEleven male participants volunteered to take portion in this probe ( age 19 + 1 old ages Height 176.5 + 5.2 centimeter Mass 78.4 + 9.0 kilogram ) . All were injury free at the clip of informations aggregation and completed an certain consent signifier. Ethical blessing for this undertaking was obtained from the School of Psychology moralss commission, University of Central Lancashire and each participant provided written consent. A statistical power analysis of airplane pilot informations was conducted in assign to cut down the likeliness of a type II mistake and find the minimal figure participants needed for this probe. It was found that the attempt size was sufficient to supply more th an 80 % statistical power in the experimental step.An eight camera gesture analysis system ( QualisysTM checkup AB, Goteburg, Sweden ) captured kinematic informations at 350Hz from each participant running at 4.0ms-1. Calibration of the QualysisTM system was performed before each information aggregation session. Only standardizations which produced mean remainders of less than 0.85 mm for each camera for a 750.5mm wand length and points above 4000 were accepted prior to informations aggregation. Velocity was monitored utilizing infrared photoelectric cells Newtest 300 ( Newtest, Oy Koulukatu 31 B 11 90100 Oulu Finland ) , a maximal disparity of + 5 % from the in agreement speed was allowed. Participants ran over a force platform ( Kistler, Kistler Instruments Ltd. , Alton, Hampshire, UK Model 9281CA ) , stance clip was fit(p) as the clip over which 20N or greater of perpendicular force was applied to the force platform.The marker set used for the survey was based on the CAST tec hnique ( Cappozo et al. , ( 1995 ) . Retro-reflective markers were attached to the right pes and shank in the undermentioned locations 1st and 5th metatarsal caputs, median and askance maleoli, median and sidelong epicondyle of the thighbone, with a tracking bunch positioned on the right shank. The tracking bunch was comprised of four 10mm spherical brooding markers mounted to a thin sheath of lightweight C fibre with a length to width ratio of 1.5-1, in conformity with the Cappozzo et al. , ( 1997 ) recommendations. A inactive test was captured to specify the pes and tibial sections, side by side(p) which markers non used for tracking the sections during gesture, were removed. Kinematic parametric quantities were quantified utilizing Ocular 3-D ( C-Motion Inc, Gaithersburg, USA ) and filtered at 10 Hz utilizing a zero-lag low base on balls Butterworth 4th order filter. Five tests of ankle joint rotary motion during stance were averaged for each participant. Angles were created u tilizing the coiling method and about XYZ, ZXY, XZY, YXZ, YZX and YXZ rotary motion cardan sequences referenced to co-ordinate systems about the proximal terminal of the section, where Ten is flexion-extension Y is ab-adduction and is Z is internal-external rotary motion.Descriptive statistics including agencies and standard divergences were calculated for each status. Differences in stance stage extremum angles and scope s of gesture were examined utilizing perennial steps ANOVA s with significance accepted at the P & A lt 0.05 degree. The Mauchly s sphericalness premise was violate in all instances and as such the grades of freedom of the F statistic were adjusted via the Greenhouse Geisser fudge factor. The Shapiro-wilk statistic for each status confirmed that the informations were usually distributed. Appropriate post-hoc analyses were conducted utilizing a Bonferroni rectification to command for type I error. Effect sizes were calculated utilizing an Eta2. Cohen s suggesti on sing effects sizes was notice ( little R & A lt 0.3 medium R & A gt 0.3 and & A lt 0.5 big & A gt 0.5 ) . All statistical processs were conducted utilizing SPSS 17.0.ConsequenceFigure 1 presents the average 3-D angular kinematics of the ankle articulation during the stance stage. Tables 1 and 2 present scopes of gesture and peak angles observed in all three planes of rotary motion as a map of cardan sequence.Table1 Mean ( and standard divergence ) scope of gesture ( deg ) for each rotary motion as a map of cardan sequence ( * = serious ( p & A lt 0.05 ) chief consequence ) n=11. Table 1 near here Table 2 Mean ( and standard divergence extremum values ) ( deg ) for each rotary motion as a map of cardan sequence ( * = important ( p & A lt 0.05 ) chief consequence ) n=11. Table 2 near here The consequences delegate that important scope of gesture chief effects were observed for the coronal F ( 1.85, 16.66 ) = 10.04, P & A lt 0.05, eta2= 0.53 and cross plan e F ( 2.04, 18.39 ) =21.91, P & A lt 0.05, eta2=0.71. Post-hoc analyses revealed that both coronal and cross plane ROM utilizing the YXZ and ZXY sequences was significantly greater than the others. Furthermore, it was besides observed that extremum angle chief effects were found for the coronal F ( 2.28, 20.48 ) = 82.99, P & A lt 0.05, eta2=0.90 and transverse planes F ( 2.08, 18.72 ) = 80.49, P & A lt 0.05, eta2= 0.90. Post-hoc analyses revealed that peak coronal and cross plane angles utilizing the YXZ sequence were significantly greater than the others. Figure 1 near here Figure 1 Representative mortise joint articulation kinematics in the a. sagittal, b. wreath and c. transverse planes as a map of cardan sequence.DiscussionEuler/Cardan angles are used extensively within the Fieldss of clinical and sport biomechanics. To day of the month the consequence of changing the sequence of rotary motions has yet to be to the full investigated with regard to the ankle articulat ion composite ( Areblad et al. , 1990 ) . The intent of the current probe was to analyze the grade of sequence dependence associated with the cardanic method when depicting 3-D kinematics of the mortise joint.The consequences indicate that changing the sequence of rotary motions when detecting kinematics in the sagittal plane has no important affect on joint scope of gesture parametric quantities. This is unsurprising given the laterality of sagittal plane gesture pace ( Novacheck, 1998 ) . This concurs with the bulk of literature with respects to sequence dependent angles as the wreath and cross plane motions are little in comparing to the sagittal plane and therefore the potency for two-dimensional cross-talk is minimum ( Areblad et al. , 1990 and Thewlis et al. , 2008 ) . Leading to the decision that choosing the appropriate sequence of rotary motions is non an issue when look intoing kinematics in the sagittal plane.However, for the coronal and cross planes a important consequen ce was found in footings of both the scope of gesture and peak angle observed during the stance stage. The consequences of this survey with regard to the mortise joint articulation found that the ZXY and YXZ sequences significantly affected ankle joint kinematics put down forthing highly big values for both scope of gesture and peak angles. The mistake associated with these sequences is such that the kinematic estimations are anatomically unrealistic.It is interesting to observe that the two combinations which were observed to be significantly different from the others ( YXZ and ZXY ) each had X 2nd in the order of rotary motions. This was the instance even when the principal axis under probe is placed foremost, where it could be assumed that the comparative orientation ( of the chief axis ) would be minimally affected by the grade of sagittal plane gesture holding been placed before it in the sequence. However, when the wreath and cross plane profiles are observed it is evident th at peak angles occur at or around maximal dorsi-flexion. Thus it appears to back up the being of two-dimensional cross-talk, and concurs with the findings of ( Thewlis et al. , 2008, Kabada et al. , 1990 and Blankevoort et al. , 1988 ) . However when X is placed last in the order of rotary motions it has small consequence on the magnitude of the and the coronal and cross plane articulation profiles appear to be independent to motion in the sagittal plane.These consequences appear to oppose those report by Areblad et al. , ( 1990 ) who reported that changing the sequence of rotary motions has merely a little influence on the angular computations. However nevertheless, observation of the angular profiles and statistical informations suggests that there appears to be minimum transverse talk from the sagittal plane in informations which uses the XYZ sequence to cipher coronal and cross plane kinematics. Another, proposed method of quantifying angular kinematics is to see the principal a xis under probe. Whereby the sequence of rotary motions is selected based on the plane being considered, with X placed last during coronal and cross plane rotary motions to cut down its weighting and rarefy cross-talk ( Richards et al. , 2008 ) . This method may hold virtue and could function as an option to the ISB method as the consequences suggest that cross talk is minimum utilizing this technique, but future probes are necessary to find whether it provides any extra benefits to the XYZ sequence.It is clear from the consequences that different computational methods can give different angular kinematic forms. Based on these consequences it appears that at the current clip the ISB recommendations are the most appropriate for the representation of ankle joint kinematics during the stance stage of running, and as such its usage is encouraged. The findings may hold wider deductions for research workers utilizing Cardan angles as portion of their kinematic informations decrease protoc ol. In add-on the consequences suggest that the YXZ and ZXY sequences produce the greatest mistake and therefore the use of these sequences to quantify ankle gesture outside the sagittal plane is strongly discouraged. This survey emphasizes the demand for new methods which allow angular kinematics to be measured accurately. Therefore, guaranting joint map is represented right.

Stefan’s Diaries: Origins Chapter 21

The neighboring morning, Damon left with the brief explanation that he was helping the militia at the camp. I wasnt sure I believed his excuse, but the house was resolutely more peaceful in his absence. Katherine came all everywhere each night to play cribbage with Father. Occasionally Id join her as a two-against- ane team. While playing, Katherine would secern Father stories from her past about her fathers shipping business about her Italian mother about Wheat, the frugal terrier shed had as a girl. I wondered if any of them were true, or if it was Katherines plan to act as a modern- day Scheherazade, spinning stories that would eventually persuade Father to spare her.Katherine would al focussings make a show of qualifying back to the carriage house, and it was agony abideing for the moment when Father went to bed so that I could watch her. She never talked about her pastor her planswith me. She didnt tell me how she got her nourishment, and I didnt ask. I didnt want to s leep with. It was far easier to venture she was nevertheless a normal girl.One afternoon, when Father was in town with Robert, discussing business with the Cartwrights, Katherine and I decided to spend an entire day together, instead of a few stolen, dark hours. It was nearing October, but no one would know it from the high temperatures and the daily late- afternoon thunderstorms. I hadnt gone swimming all summer, and I couldnt wait to feel the water of the pond on my flakeand Katherine in my arms in the daylight. I nude down and jumped in immediately.Dont splash yelled Katherine. She lifted her simple blue skirt up to her ankles and guardedly stepped toward the edge of the pond. Shed already left her muslin flats beneath the willow tree, and I couldnt stop staring at the keen white of her ankles.Come in The waters fine I yelled, even though my teeth were chattering.Katherine continued to tippytoe toward the edge of the pond until she was standing on the muddy strip between t he grass and the water. Its dirty. She wrinkled her nose, screen her eyes from the sun.Thats why you have to get in. To wash off all the mud, I verbalize, using my fingers to twinkle water toward Katherine. A few droplets landed on the bodice of her dress, and I felt desire seam by dint of me. I dunked under the water to cool my head.Youre not afraid of a little splashing, I said as I emerged, my hair dripping on my shoulders. Or, shall I say, youre not afraid of splashing Stefan? I felt a little bit ridiculous saying it, because such comments didnt sound nearly as clever on my lips. Still, she did me the favor of laughing. I carefully sidestepped the rocks on the bottom of the pond to walk closer toward her, then flicked more water in her direction.No Katherine shrieked, but she make no move to put across away as I walked out of the pond, grabbed her around the waist, and carried her into the water.Stefan Stop she screamed as she clung to my neck. At least let me take off my dressAt that, I immediately let her go. She lifted her hands over her head, allowing me to easily pull off her dress. There she stood in her little white type. I gaped in amazement. Of course Id discovern her body before, but it had always been in shadows and half-light. Now I saw the sun on her shoulders, and the way her stomach curved inward and I knew, for the millionth time, that I was in love.Katherine dove underwater, reemerging right next to me. And now, revenge She leaned down and splashed cool water on me with all her office.If you werent so beautiful, I might fight back, I said, pulling her toward me. I snoged her.The neighbors will talk, murmured Katherine against my lips.Let them talk, I whispered. I want everyone to know how much I love you. Katherine kissed me harder, with more passion than Id ever felt. I sucked my breath in, feeling so much desire that I stepped away. I loved Katherine so much that it almost hurt it made it harder to breathe, harder to talk, har der to think. It was as if my desire was a force larger than myself, and I was simultaneously frightened and overjoyed to retrace wherever it led me.I took a shaky breath and looked up at the sky. Large thunderclouds had turn over in, obscuring the sky, which had been a pure cerulean just moments before. We should go, I said, heading toward shore.Sure enough, as soon as we stepped onto dry land, a clap of thunder rolled off in the distance.The storm came in fast, Katherine observed as she wrung out her curls. She didnt seem at all self-conscious even though her soaking-wet white slip left nothing to the imagination. Somehow, it seemed almost more illicit and erotic to see her scantily dressed than to see her naked. One could think that it was almost a sign that our relationship is not meant to be. Her voice was teasing, but I felt a shiver of dread go up my spine.No, I said loudly, to reassure myself.Im just teasing you Katherine kissed my cheek before leaning down to pick up her dress. As she stole tail assembly the weeping willow tree, I yanked up my breeches and put on my shirt.Katherine emerged from behind the tree a moment later, her cotton dress clinging to her curves, the damp tendrils of her hair sticking to her curves, the damp tendrils of her hair sticking to her back. Her skin had a bluish quality to it.I put my arms around her and rubbed her arms vigorously, trying to untoughened her up, though I knew that was impossible.I have something to tell you, Katherine said as she tilted her face up to the open sky.What? I asked.I would be honored to attend the Founders Ball with you, she said, and then, before I could kiss her again, she broke from my embrace and ran back to the carriage house.

Lbj’s Great Society

Lyndon Baines Johnson moved quickly to establish himself in the office of the Presidency. patronage his conservative voting eternize in the Senate, Johnson soon reacquainted himself with his liberal roots. LBJ sponsored the largest reform agenda since Roosevelts New Deal. The aftershock of Kennedys assassination provided a climate for Johnson to pick out the unfinished work of JFKs New Frontier. He had eleven months before the election of 1964 to prove to American voters that he deserved a chance to be President in his get right. Two very strategic pieces of legislation were passed.First, the Civil Rights Bill that JFK promised to sign was passed into law. The Civil Rights round banned discrimination based on race and gender in employment and ending segregation in all unrestricted facilities. Johnson in any case signed the omnibus Economic Opportunity Act of 1964. The law created the Office of Economic Opportunity aimed at attacking the roots of American poverty. A Job Corps wa s established to provide valuable vocational training. Head Start, a preschool program designed to help disadvantaged students arrive at kindergarten ready to check was put into place.The Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) was set up as a domestic quiescence Corps. Schools in impoverished American regions would now receive volunteer teaching attention. Federal funds were direct to struggling communities to attack unemployment and illiteracy. As he campaigned in 1964, Johnson declared a war on poverty. He challenged Americans to build a Great caller that eliminated the troubles of the poor. Johnson won a decisive victory over his archconservative republican opponent Barry Goldwater of Arizona. American liberalism was at high tide under President Johnson. The Wilderness Protection Act saved 9. 1 million acres of forestland from industrial development. The Elementary and Secondary Education Act provided major(ip) funding for American public schools. The Voting Rights Act ban ned literacy tests and other discriminatory methods of denying suffrage to African Americans. Medicare was created to offset the costs of health care for the nations elderly. The National Endowment for the Arts and Humanities used public money to fund artists and galleries. The Immigration Act ended discriminatory quotas based on ethnic origin. An omnibus(prenominal) Housing Act provided funds to construct low-income housing. Congress tightened pollution controls with stronger Air and Water Quality Acts. Standards were brocaded for safety in consumer products. Johnson was an accomplished legislator and used his connections in Congress and forceful personality to pass his agenda. By 1966, Johnson was pleased with the progress he had make. But soon events in Southeast Asia began to overshadow his domestic achievements. cash he had envisioned to fight his war on poverty were now diverted to the war in Vietnam.He found himself maligned by conservatives for his domestic policies and by liberals for his hawkish stance on Vietnam. By 1968, his hopes of leaving a legacy of domestic reform were in serious jeopardy The turbulent 1960s reached a boiling phase in 1968. When the year began, President Johnson hoped to captivate the war in Vietnam and then cruise to a aid term to finish building his Great Society. But events began to spiral out of his control. In February, the Tet Offensive in Vietnam brought a shift in American public opinion toward the war and low approval ratings for the President.Sensing vulnerability, Eugene McCarthy challenged Johnson for his own partys nomination. When the Democratic primary votes were tallied in New Hampshire, McCarthy scored a remarkable 42 percent of the vote against an officeholder President. Johnson knew that in addition to fighting a bitter campaign against the Republicans he would have to fight to win support of the Democrats as well. His hopes darkened when Robert Kennedy entered the race in mid-March. On March 31, 1968 , Johnson surprised the nation by announcing he would not seek a second term.His Vice-President Hubert Humphrey entered the election to carry out Johnsons programs. The Great Society program became Johnsons agenda for Congress in January 1965 aid to education, attack on disease, Medicare, urban renewal, beautification, conservation, development of depress regions, a wide-scale fight against poverty, control and prevention of crime and delinquency, removal of obstacles to the right to vote. Congress, at times augmenting or amending, rapidly enacted Johnsons recommendations. Millions of elderly people found succor through the 1965 Medicare amendment to the Social Security Act.Under Johnson, the country made spectacular explorations of space in a program he had championed since its start. When three astronauts successfully orbited the moon in December 1968, Johnson congratulated them Youve taken all of us, all over the world, into a new era. . . . Nevertheless, two overriding crises had been gaining impetus since 1965. Despite the beginning of new antipoverty and anti-discrimination programs, unrest and rioting in black ghettos troubled the Nation. President Johnson steady exerted his influence against segregation and on behalf of law and lay, but there was no early solution.The other crisis arose from Viet Nam. Despite Johnsons efforts to end Communist aggression and achieve a settlement, fighting continued. Controversy over the war had develop acute by the end of March 1968, when he limited the bombing of North Viet Nam in order to initiate negotiations. At the same time, he startled the world by withdrawing as a candidate for re-election so that he might devote his full efforts, unimpeded by politics, to the quest for peace. When he left(p) office, peace talks were under way he did not live to see them successful, but died perfectly of a heart attack at his Texas ranch on January 22, 1973.